PAWTUCKET — The local food movement, by and large, is geared for the upper-middle class. The increased cost of locally produced foods, from vegetables to meats and even honey, price many folks out of farmers’ markets.
The most effective way for those not in the higher tax brackets to participate in the relocalization of the food system is to grow food. Urban farming upstarts, New Urban Farmers, chose to address this disparity and opportunity by locating its flagship farm within a low-income housing development.
The acre farm is situated in the Galego Court housing development on Weeden Street, providing the residents of Galego the opportunity to grow food in some 100 raised beds. New Urban Farmers provide seeds and seedlings — at no cost — to residents who wish to take control of their family’s food security.
In addition to giving Galego residents access to land on which to grow food, New Urban Farmers has created a network of smaller community gardens throughout the city, and is now branching out to the most financially insecure city in Rhode Island, Central Falls.
Giving the people who most need it access to locally produced foods just wasn’t enough for New Urban Farmers. Its latest project is attempting to reuse one of the many old, empty mills in Rhode Island to expand its existing aquaponics system, which the group’s farmers run on a small scale in one of the three geodesic domes at Galego Court, to a commercial level, and to begin providing local food to the state’s public school systems.
Last year, the nonprofit also garnered a 5-acre plot in Seekonk, Mass., where it will begin to raise a more diversified array of organic vegetables for southern New England consumers.
With acquisition of land, and moving into commercial level food production, while maintaining its presence in low-income communities, New Urban Farmers seems to be growing more quickly than the invasive Japanese knotweed that its farmers manually remove from the urban farm at Galego Court.
PROVIDENCE — For the third straight year, the Southside Community Land Trust's Urban Agriculture Spring Kickoff drew local gardeners and urban farmers to Roger Williams Park Botanical Center to trade seeds, stories, tips and tricks, and to create networks and a sense of community within the ranks of Rhode Island's agriculture professionals and amateur enthusiasts.
New home and garden owner Adriana Vinas. (Dave Fisher/ecoRI News staff)PROVIDENCE — “This is like a mansion,” said Adriana Vinas, absolutely beaming as she walks around her new home. While the home is pretty small by many standards, it should seem like a mansion to a family that has spent the past few years living in a local housing development.
Vinaas moved to the United States from the Dominican Republic 17 years ago, when the oldest of her three children was just 5. At the time, and until recently, owning a home here seemed like a dream, but all of that changed through the work of Habitat for Humanity.
While some think of Habitat for Humanity as an organization that builds huts in developing countries, it does have a strong presence in the United States, and no, it doesn't build huts. What the organization does is build new homes that are extremely energy efficient. These homes are then sold to families that otherwise couldn’t afford to buy such a dwelling. Currently, Habitat for Humanity has six ongoing projects in Rhode Island alone.
“Big deal,” you might say. “Habitat for Humanity is just doing what they do, building houses.” The difference with the latest Habitat projects in Rhode Island is that the last two new homes built have included a built-in 4-by-8 container garden.
The idea was borne of the mind of Kevin Moore, project coordinator for the Rhode Island chapter. While Moore was attaining his degree in public community services from Providence College, he became imbued with a love and passion for growing food, which he learned while an intern at Southside Community Land Trust’s City Farm. When Moore and Habitat Rhode Island's Director Herman deKoe pitched the idea of having a ready-to-sow container garden in her new backyard to Vinas, deKoe said, “I didn’t even get a chance to finish my sentence before she said 'Yes,Yes,Yes!'”
So now, in addition to taking control of her family’s housing future she — and her mother Aura Noboa — will be commanding their family's food security by raising vegetables and herbs. Leo Pollock, Southside's director of programs, was on hand Thursday to provide Vinas with some guidance on how to begin her garden. While this year’s growing season may be coming to a close, Pollock said, “Fast-growing plants like greens, spinach, and cilantro can be planted now and harvested before the first frost. You can also plant garlic now and it will be ready to eat next year.”
A 4-foot-by-8-foot bed may not seem like a lot of room to grow, but Pollock assures that with proper management the bed could produce nearly a quarter of the family’s annual food needs, which will save the family a substantial amount of money. As far as the cost to build the garden, a couple hundred dollars on a $50,000 or $60,000 project is a drop in the bucket.
Vinas already exudes an air of responsibility when she speaks about her new home. “When it’s your property, you take better care of it,” she said. "It makes you be a good neighbor.” Although she speaks excellent English, an endearing tense shift slipped through when she said, “Nobody wants the house next door to look like a haunting house.” Indeed.
Favorable weather and luck should help the new home and garden prosper, along with hope that Habitat for Humanity continues to add backyard gardens — and hence, food security — to that cornerstone of the American Dream: home ownership.
PROVIDENCE — There’s an urban farming revolution underway in Rhode Island, and City Farm deserves much of the credit.
The three-quarter of an acre farm in the heart of South Providence has served as an outdoor classroom for three decades. Kids, college students and inspired backyard gardeners have visited this urban oasis for a food-growing education. Its bounty and beauty — cultivated for the past nine years by Rich Pederson — has inspired apprentices, interns and volunteers to grow fruits and vegetables in vacant lots, on porches and in backyards.
The farm has fostered a vibrant local food movement — City Farm alone grew 1,539 pounds of food last year, everything from arugula to tomatillos— and helped bolster Rhode Island’s burgeoning farmers’ market scene.
“The big thing at City Farm is there’s a shared sense of ownership,” said the farm’s current apprentice, Laura Brown-Lavoie. “Everyone is encouraged to think of themselves as stewards of this space. We share in the responsibility of passing along how to care for this space and soil.”
City Farm farmer Rich Pederson surrounded by raspberry bushes at the urban oasis on Providence’s South Side.Many of those who have learned under the tutelage of Pederson or his predecessors have taken their refined skills and food-growing experience into the community, be it a few blocks around the corner, across the state or across the ocean.
“A lot of young farmers have come through here the past 30 years,” Pederson said with a sense of pride as he rattled off names from memory. “They’ve come here and learned and took their skills into the greater world. A lot of them are doing amazing work.”
A former high school intern is now farming in Hawaii, and a former volunteer is a landscape architect in California. Former City Farm regular Diana Kushner owns Arcadian Fields in Hope Valley, volunteer Christian Nelson is now farming in California and Joe Donegan runs a dairy farm in Vermont. Devon Chase is farming in eastern Massachusetts.
Former City Farm apprentice Sean O’Brien is one of many who have been mentored by Rich Pederson. (Photo courtesy of the Southside Community Land Trust)Providence College graduate and former City Farm apprentice Sean O’Brien grows food on a small plot behind Frey Florist & Greenhouse in the city’s Smith Hill district. Longtime City Farm volunteer Chris Ackley is now the open space steward for the Olneyville Housing Corporation. Another former volunteer, Derek Mitchell, runs a program in Lowell, Mass., that teaches kids about agriculture. Ben Torpey works at the International Institute of Rhode Island teaching kids how to build community gardens, among other things.
Former Pederson apprentice and City Farm volunteer Than Wood learned more than just how to farm during his three years working the South Side plot. He met a future urban farming partner there, made many friends and connections, and ate chard and kale for the first time.
“Working at City Farm taught me there was a different way of living,” the East Providence native said. “City Farm made me a happy and healthier person. It put me on a path to a better lifestyle.”
His experience there also gave Wood the confidence two years ago to turn the site of a burned-down home on Westminster Street into a thriving urban garden. The debris-speckled neighborhood eyesore now has a name — Front Step Farm — and features various shades of green, red tomatoes, patches of raspberries and colorful flowers to attract pollen-moving bees.
Wood sells his produce through a community-supported agriculture program he started with Brown-Lavoie, the current City Farm apprentice whose time at the South Side institution overlapped with his.
This spring, a few blocks over from Wood’s farm, Brown-Lavoie, her sister Tess and childhood friend Fay Strongin transformed a vacant lot on Harrison Street into Sidewalk Ends Farm — another derelict city lot that is now producing food.
“City Farm has set up this urban farming infrastructure that we all use,” Wood said.
Behind this recent emergence of urban farming, is Pederson, a friend and teacher to many who are now growing food, whether it’s in a city, out in the countryside, in Rhode Island or across the Pacific in the Aloha State.
“Rich is a little bit sage like,” Wood said. “He’s very valuable to have around, he’s supportive and he’s a wonderful teacher.”
Brown-Lavoie noted that Pederson is “really invested in the relationships he makes at the farm. All the volunteers feel a sense of pride in the work they do because Rich makes everyone feel apart of the farm’s mission,” she said.
The 43-year-old farmer with the straggly beard deflects any individual praise, and said City Farm is designed to encourage and help people grow food and be productive land stewards without the use of chemicals and unnatural fertilizers.
A century ago, one out of every two Americans was growing food in some capacity. Today, Big Agriculture does most of our food growing, as less than 2 percent of Americans grow food of any kind.
Pederson and City Farm’s many disciples are trying to increase that paltry percentage by encouraging the production of hyper-local produce that travels less than 3 miles from farm to table. People can grow food in the city. They can grow a lot of food in the city, Pederson tells visitors to the Southside Community Land Trust farm. They can be producers in a consumer society.
“I’m so lucky this exists,” said Brown-Lavoie, as she picked raspberries from City Farm’s many bushes. “Sidewalk Ends Farm wouldn’t exist without it.”
These geodesic domes will raise fish and vegetables and serve as a classroom for students. (Tim Faulkner/ecoRI staff photos)PAWTUCKET — Some like it square, others prefer the cool symmetry of a dome.
New Urban Farmers, a garden education program, is building three geodesic domes on its 1-acre farm at the Gelego Court public housing complex.
The program teaches residents and students about healthy local foods by growing fruit and vegetables in raised garden beds and “repurposed” structures made from old railroad ties, metal fences and bed frames.
The frames and covers for the domes were constructed as part of a community build project with guidance from Mike Dubovsky of Sunrise Domes in Chepachet.
A smaller third dome was erected late last week. All three structures will be covered and planting will commence later this month with help from Groundwork Providence. Students from Rhode Island School of Design used their spring break to design and build an aquaponics educational facility in the largest dome. The tiered, water-fall system will raise both fish and vegetables, while teaching math, science and sustainable design.
New Urban Farmers: Liz Talbot, left, Emily Jodka, middle, and Bleu Grijalva. Not pictured Rafael Ramon.Produce grown in the domes will be sold at farmers’ markets to raise money for the program.
New Urban Farmers also manages gardens on Jefferson Street, at the Central Falls library and recently acquired 5 acres of farmland in Seekonk, Mass.
New Urban Farmers is dedicated to the renewal of farming throughout Pawtucket and Central Falls. From community gardens to riverside mills, it is the group’s belief that the community that grows together, well, grows together. Through a small system of satellite farms within these communities, the group’s farmers believe they can grow food and rebuild community.
“Growing minds is our job … what grows from there is limitless” is the group’s philoshpy.
Than Wood begins his second growing season at Front Step Farm on Westminster Street in Providence with soil he worked hard to improve. Behind him is the cinderblock oven that will bake bread for the Backyard Farms CSA. (Frank Carini/ecoRI staff photos)PROVIDENCE — It took about 5 tons of organic material and a good chunk of time during the last growing season to improve the soil on his seven-eighths of an acre lot, but this year urban farmer Than Wood is ready to grow some serious food.
In fact, Wood and three other urban farmers are confident enough in the bounty their three city lots will produce this season that they are offering 12 20-week CSAs for West Side and Olneyville residents beginning in June. The cost is $10 a week and will feature a lot of cooking/salad greens. Pickup will be Wednesdays at Wood’s Front Step Farm.
“Last year I spent a lot of time improving the soil, adding clean fill and having the soil tested,” said Wood, an East Providence native who began renting a vacant lot on Westminster Street last year. “I was basically building good soil for this year.”
To improve the soil quality on a debris-speckled lot that had been vacant since the home that once stood there burned down in the 1940s, Wood needed some nutrient-rich compost. For that, he needed some serious food waste and other organic matter.
Wood accompanied his mentor, Rich Pederson, steward of the Southside Community Land Trust’s City Farm, on weekly trips to a beach in Little Compton to collect seaweed. He picked up coffee grounds from Seven Stars Bakery on Broadway and collected the leftover pulp Café Zog on Wickenden Street produces after making freshly squeezed juice smoothies.
He got chicken manure from Whispering Elms Farm in North Scituate, claimed left-behind straw bales that had been used in the I-Way construction project and started a side venture called Farm in a Cart. Wood rigged his bicycle with a trailer and bin that allowed him to cart about 300 pounds of compost a week from 15 residences scattered across the city to his fledgling farm.
Thanks to the many apple cores, broccoli stalks, potato peels and other food waste Wood towed away from neighbors’ homes, plus all that hay, coffee grounds, pulp, chicken poop and seaweed he collected, the ambitious city farmer was able to replace the mound of asphalt and fire-damaged debris he inherited with a heap of nutrient-rich compost.
Recently, Wood covered his beds with 2 inches of that homemade “black gold,” which he hopes will stimulate the lot’s hardscrabble soil. He has 1,000 seedlings growing under a grow-light setup in his apartment a few blocks away. He is waiting for the weather to warm up before planting them in his farm’s newly enriched soil.
“The produce yields weren’t good enough last year … the soil wasn’t good enough,” said Wood, who spent the winter working on a friend’s farm in California.
Fay Strongin, left, and Laura Brown-Lavoie are transforming a long vacant lot on Harrison Street in Providence into an urban farm.The inaugural Backyard Farms CSA is collaboration of Wood’s Front Step Farm and Sidewalk Ends Farm — a vacant lot on Harrison Street that Laura Brown-Lavoie, her sister Tess and childhood friend Fay Strongin are transforming into an urban farm.
This year, the three inspired young women are going to use roughly half of the 4,275-square-foot lot to grow vegetables, some in raised beds — a wildflower meadow will take up much of the remaining land. They are having the soil tested for lead, and using food waste collected at the McAuley House on Elmwood Avenue to create compost.
Like Wood, Laura Brown-Lavoie and Strongin are growing seedlings in two grow boxes in their small apartment. “We’re basically sleeping next to our plants,” Strongin said. “Our bedrooms smell like soil.”
This four-farmer CSA also is using a lot on Bowdoin Street in Olneyville to grow tomatoes, kale, collards, beans, chard, parsley, basil, spinach and arugula. Besides selling CSA shares, Backyard Farms also will be selling its produce Thursdays at the Armory Farmers’ Market.
Strongin and Brown-Lavoie also are offering a bread CSA for $6 a week, to go along with the produce being grown by the three-farm collaborative. “We’ll be baking the bread in a regular oven until we get the skills down of baking in a mud oven,” said Brown-Lavoie, a 2010 Brown University graduate who is Pederson’s apprentice at City Farm this season.
Wood’s Front Step Farm features a handmade “mud” oven made of cinderblocks. He cooked pizzas in the oven during a few gatherings last year. The pizzas were topped with vegetables grown in his garden.
“We’re excited to be growing food here as urban farmers,” Brown-Lavoie said. “We hope the city wakes up and provides an incentive for landowners to grow food and creates zoning for urban agriculture.”
Richard Espeut owns Frey Florist & Greenhouse in Providence and is looking for urban farmers to make use of his land in the back. (Frank Carini/ecoRI News staff)PROVIDENCE — Richard Espeut is looking for gardeners, and he’s not terribly concerned about skill level.
For nearly four decades, the lifelong Rhode Islander has owned and operated Frey Florist & Greenhouse in the city’s Smith Hill district. The flower business keeps him and his full-time staff of four busy seven days a week, and when he’s not working, he’s growing vegetables and tending to his home garden.
The Cumberland High School graduate doesn’t have time to do much with the land behind his greenhouse. For close to 15 years, a Laotian family maintained a garden on his property, growing the usual suspects, plus oriental-style vegetables, bok choy and small squashes.
“The whole family would be out there before the growing season started and they’d have the garden ready in one day,” an impressed Espeut recalled. “They didn’t buy anything. They used scrap wood and branches to support plants. They recycled and reused everything.”
Last year, the backyard of the Frey Florist & Greenhouse featured three plots, including one tended to by Providence College graduate and former City Farm apprentice Sean O’Brien. The season’s bounty included cabbage, peppers and strawberry berries.
While O’Brien is returning for a second growing season, Espeut and his wife, Sharyn O’Leary, are looking for a few other urban farmers to make use of their property.
“There’s plenty of room and I would hate to see it go unused,” said Espeut, whose home property next door featured 24 tomato plants last season, the fruits of which were often given to neighbors and customers. “We share what we grow.”
If you are interested in taking up Espeut on his offer, contact him at 401-521-3539 or via e-mail at freyflorist@earthlink.net.
PROVIDENCE — The first winter for the Fertile Underground’s handmade greenhouse hasn’t been without its challenges.
Steady snowfall kept members from even getting into the group’s fenced communal garden on Pearl Street for more than a month — never mind making it across the snow-and-ice-covered lot to the greenhouse. A 10-foot-high chain-linked fence topped with barbed wire surrounds the West Side community garden, and the gate opens in, which made it difficult to push open until most of the snowbank blocking the entrance melted.
“It never occurred to me that having the gate open in would create such a problem,” said Michael Giroux, a member of the Fertile Underground and the chief architect of the garden’s greenhouse. “In the spring, I’m going to make sure the gate opens out.”
Once Giroux and fellow Underground member Trev Hedge made it into the greenhouse earlier this month, they discovered all of their kale and spinach had died or been eaten. “It was all dead, but there was a silver lining,” Giroux said. “Some little creature had spent the winter in the greenhouse and lucked out when we couldn’t get in, so he munched down on our stuff.”
The garden’s greenhouse construction began in October 2009, and enjoyed its first growing season this past summer and fall. This winter, however, has proved to be a learning experience.
To better prepare the greenhouse for the rigors of year-round growing, a new sloped roof was installed, a gutter/rain barrel water system will be added and a compost heating system is being built. The greenhouse also has since been named — "The Sheman Faktory."
Giroux and Hedge are building the greenhouse composting bin out of bricks donated by the Spaulding Brick Co. in Cranston.
When completed, this cold-weather heating system, which will use tubing to connect the compost bin to the soil, will be fueled by horse manure donated by Roger Williams Park Zoo and leaves collected from the neighborhood. The energy generated by this system will keep the soil heated during our harsh New England winters, creating a better growing environment for kale, spinach and root vegetables.
This system, however, won’t solve their squatter problem.
Fertile Underground members started the communal garden in May 2009. It is part of the Southside Community Land Trust’s network of community gardens. The greenhouse is used to grow lettuce, spinach and other salad greens, herbs and flowers.
Underground members also are building a stonewall in the garden out of what Giroux calls “urbanite” — chipped up pieces of sidewalk, which, in this case, were donated by a friend — and pieces of abandoned cobblestone they found behind a boarded-up house a block away.The Underground of what Giroux calls “urbanite” — chipped up pieces of sidewalk, which, in this case, were donated by a friend — and pieces of abandoned cobblestone that were found behind a boarded-up house a block away.
April Lambert and her chicken Sophie attended City Farm's workshop on raising urban chickens. (Joanna Detz/ecoRI News staff)By JOANNA DETZ/ecoRI News staff
PROVIDENCE — City Farm’s six chickens scratched nervously inside their coop, alternately glamming for and cowing from the growing crowd of people streaming into the farm ready to learn about all things chicken.
On a glinting late fall Saturday, Southside Community Land Trust staff and volunteers held an hourlong series of four mini-workshops at City Farm. The workshops were designed to educate people interested in keeping chickens in the city following the recent passage of an ordinance that permits local residents to keep up to six chickens on their property.
Lisa, an anthropology student at Rhode Island College who lives in Riverside, said she would love to keep chickens. The only thing stopping her is that city’s ordinance, which doesn't permit backyard chickens.
“I’d love to have them for the eggs, and, of course, pest control, plus they would be a natural source of manure for my garden beds," she said.
Denise Jordan, from Exeter, wasn’t sold on the idea quite yet. She had come to City Farm’s workshop to glean information about chickens, and, in particular, their manure.
“I’m interested in chickens for their manure, but I’ve heard their waste is highly acidic," she said. For her, she explained, it is a tossup between chickens and rabbits, which she would also keep for the purposes of fertilizing her garden.
Standing in front of City Farm’s outdoor coop, upstaging the chickens for a few minutes, Rich Pederson, City Farm’s steward, shielded his eyes against the low afternoon sun and explained that the coop, a roughly 6-foot circular enclosure with chicken-wire walls and a padlocked roof, is “almost like a penitentiary,” in terms of security. The farm, he explained, had been having trouble with theft.
Aside from human pests, another concern specific to urban chicken keepers is rats. Pederson explained that City Farm built their coop with rats in mind. The walls of the coop sit a full 8 inches below the ground to create a rat barrier. To further discourage rat infestation, the farm keeps the chicken feed in a lidded bin.
In terms of harvesting the chickens' nutrient rich manure, Pederson said he takes it from the coop, puts it directly into the compost pile and immediately covers the manure with brown matter. “This helps mask the smell and break down the manure," he said.
Aside from the basics of raising chickens in the city, the workshop offered some other nuggets of information:
Chickens like to take dust baths.
Chicks bedded on newspaper can develop splayed-leg syndrome.
Chickens need grit, which they store in their gizzard.
Chickens should have a place to perch, preferably a rounded wooden dowel or branch.
Chickens need roughly 13 hours of daylight to lay an egg.
Chickens like to eat eggs, so keep a lookout, and get the eggs up quickly.
Chicks tend to kick their bedding into their water supply, so keep the water slightly elevated, and clean it several times a day.
When one of the workshop’s leaders got to the subject of “pasting up,” a condition in which a baby chick’s droppings cake up and block their vent opening, preventing the chick from passing any more droppings, Jordan, who, prior to the workshop, had been deciding between raising chickens or rabbits was overheard saying to herself, “Rabbits are sounding better and better.”
But April Lambert, a nanny and avid gardener who lives in Providence, had already been sold on the idea of chickens ... six months ago. She attended Saturday’s workshop with her one of her chickens, Sophie, in tow.
Lambert said she uses her chickens to help with gardening and pest control and, of course, for eggs. And, while she is still waiting for her first egg, the chickens have been holding up the pest control part of the bargain. “They eat all the slugs, and they’ve been keeping the yard mouse free. They are great mousers,” Lambert said.
Pederson summed up his workshop by telling the crowd, "Taking care of chickens isn't any more difficult than keeping a dog or a cat, and the eggs are amazing."
PROVIDENCE — The Southside Community Land Trust recently hosted garden tours and a harvest potluck, inviting the curious to explore six of the city’s 34 community gardens, connect with urban farmers and enjoy some local bounty.
The SCLT was created in 1981 to locate, secure and manage land for community food systems and create spaces where neighbors share tools, resources and skills. Through educational programs and gardening workshops, the organization continues to teach people how to grow food and to instill healthy eating habits.
Potters Avenue Park, one of the community gardens open for self-guided tours Saturday, is a hidden gem. Half of the plot consists of a park complete with benches and a play area, where kids enjoy the refreshing shade offered by large maple trees. The other half of the plot consists of a community garden, where about 20 families grow a variety of foods.
Ploua, originally from Laos, was at the park Saturday answering visitors’ questions while pulling weeds and watering her plants. Despite working full time as a nursing assistant, Ploua has been growing food at Potters Avenue Park for the past five years.
She grows long beans, string beans, lemongrass and cilantro. But she did admit there are limitations to what can be grown in the city. “The squirrels ate all the corn,” she said.
Ploua said that all of the families that grow food at Potters Avenue Park are Hmong, except for one American family. But Hmong are one of many ethnicities utilizing the city’s array of community gardens.
Liza Sutton, the SCLT’s garden coordinator, said about 250 gardeners and families work in the trust’s 13 community gardens, including people from Liberia, Nigeria and other African countries. These urban farmers share their experiences growing in different countries and environments.
Sutton emphasized the importance of “growing community gardens to grow community” — and few define the word “community” better than Mel Carter.
Carter sat at the head of a picnic table where local residents came to gather for good food and conversation. “My father was a share farmer in Louisiana, so that’s where I learned to farm,” he told those who had gathered around.
The Navy man came to Rhode Island in the 1960s and helped transform Potters Avenue Park from a derelict piece of property into a lush community garden. He is a member of SCLT’s board of directors and an advocate for improving the community through local farming.
Carter’s property lies adjacent to Potters Avenue Park, and the walls of his garage are filled with photographs and newspaper clippings from the decades he has been an integral part of developing Providence’s network of community gardens.
In his bountiful garden, Carter grows tomatoes, peppers, raspberries, strawberries and sunflowers. “Whatever we don’t eat, we donate to the community,” he said. “An old farmer’s almanac says one-third should be eaten, one-third given to other people and one-third to animals.”
To emphasize this point, a neighbor yelled over to Carter that he had some fresh corn to donate to that’s evening’s potluck. Carter graciously thanked his neighbor and smiled.
“The goal is to bring the community together,” he said. “When we work together, there is less of a load on each of us.”
Friday, March 30, 2012 at 7:35AM Tweet
